There's been some confusion whether there were two Samuel Tragheims born in the 1830's, one the son of Mendel Tragheim, and the other the son of Menere. Both Samuels (if there were indeed two) seem to have been disreputable characters, prone to name changes and duplicity. But never have both of them been seen in the records at the same time, and so I’m going to assume that they are the same person, and that “Menere” was an invention or a recording error.
This makes Samuel a very interesting person. He was a bigamist, an inventor, businessman, and a Russian spy!
He would have been born in Hassenpoth, Courland, Russia, which was the family's home. Courland was a German speaking enclave in Russia. It’s now part of Latvia. So far no record of his birth has been found. He was part of virtuallly an entire generation of the family that left Russia for England, Scotland, the US, and possibly Canada as well.
Samuel first appears officially in Edinburgh at the age of 22, when he marries Catherine Winton. Characteristically, Samuel’s first known mention in official documentation is under a pseudonym; he married under the name “John.” His wedding was in a church, and it’s not known if he officially converted to Christianity. John/Samuel gives his parents names as -- well, the document is hard to read, and it’s not entirely clear what it says. The father’s first name could be “Menere” or it could be “Mendel.” The mother’s first name looks like Tauline (or possibly Pauline), but her last name is very unclear. It could be Renyvistch, which is the best reading that the workers at the Scottish records office could come up with. Possibly Renyvistch is a mishearing of the name Aronowitz, which was definitely current in Hassenpoth at or around the time of Samuel’s birth.
Later, assuming this is all one Samuel we’re talking about, he gives his parents as Mendel Tragheim and Taube Perau. Why we would have given another name for his mother at the time of this wedding is anyone’s guess.
At the time of his marriage at Catherine he was living at 92 High St, Edinburgh. His date of birth, according to his marriage certificate, would have been about 1835. Catherine would have been 20. John/Samuel’s trade was given as “shoemaker.”
The first child, Daniel, was born 16 months later, on 12 August, 1858. Sadly, he died the same day.
Diana Lyle, who lived to adulthood, was born the following year in Leith.
By 1861, the time of the census, the family had moved to Newcastle, where Edward was born. The family -- there were now four of them -- lived at 5 Gloucester Street, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Westgate, along with an unmarried relative called Elizabeth Winter (that would have been Catherine’s younger sister, Elizabeth Winton). Samuel is now no longer a “shoemaker,” but a “draper and interpreter.” It’s likely that, as a fluent German speaker, with a smattering of Russian, he had found work that used his linguistic skills.
The following year, 1862, the family were back up in Leith, living at 83 Kirkgate, where, on 15 September, Mary Jane was born. She was only to live until 1869. On her birth certificate, Samuel is back to being a clothier. Presumably he was no longer finding work as an interpreter. On Guy Fawkes’ night, 5th November, Samuel was awarded provisional protection (no. 2999) for a patent for a method of treating hemp. As far as I know, this was Samuel’s first patent application.
Perhaps the success of his patent application went to his head, because sometime between 1862 and 1865 Samuel abandoned his family in favor of Anne Benford, of London.
In late 1865, Catherine Winton gave birth to Alfred, in Norwich. This is at more or less the same time that Samuel and Anne are proclaiming their banns in London. Presumably Samuel had abandoned Catherine and the children sometime between Catherine getting pregnant in early 1865, and the calling of the first bann on October 29.
According to family member Janet Billings, “Alfred was born in Norwich, where Sam disappeared and Catherine and the children were rescued by her brothers.” Catherine’s brothers were Alexander and James.
Samuel moved to London, where he married Anne Benford. This was the first of his bigamous marriages. (Actually, we have a record of the banns being called on October 29 and November 5th and 12th, 1865, but not of the wedding itself. If they weren’t actually legally married, then that makes some sense of later developments in Missouri.)
A daughter was born to Anne Benford on June 17, 1866, less than nine months after the first calling of the banns. This wasn’t at all uncommon, although Eleanor Anne Louisa Benford’s birth doesn’t seem to be registered in England, and her birth date is only known through her baptismal ceremony from 1871 (in St James, Clerkenwell, London). Perhaps this is an indication that Samuel and Anne were not actually married? Perhaps Samuel’s past (or rather his existing marriage) had caught up with him between the reading of the banns and the actual wedding. It's also possible that Eleanor Anne Louisa Benford was born abroad. Samuel was prone to travel.
Is it possible that Samuel went to London to find work, got into an affair without revealing he was married, and then was forced to wed because of a pregnancy? That would certainly explain him abandoning his family in Norwich. Anne’s family certainly woudn’t have been rich, so Samuel did not marry her for her money. Her father was a jobber for a watch maker. Her mother had been born in Calcutta, but was ethnically English.
In 1867 another child was born: Samuel Banford Tragheim. His birth was, unlike Eleanor’s, officially recorded.
In 1868 Samuel applied for two further patents. On 10th September, provisional protection was not allowed for “An improved mode of and apparatus for cleansing fibrous materials” (number 2791). The description is of a kind of washing machine: “An apparatus consisting of an inverted pan or flanged disc pierced with holes and fitted at its center with a verticle tube having hollow taper arms is placed in the boiler intended to receive the clothes, and the detergent solution being sufficiently heated the liquor discharges in continuous streams through the tube and taper arms on the clothes placed in the copper.” Every 1860’s home should have one! there’s no indication of why the application was rejected.
Samuel was more successful on 9th October with patent applciation 3104, for “An improved mode of and apparatus for washing, dyeing, cooking, and wholly or partly dissolving substances of vegetable, animal, or mineral origin, and for evaporating and concentrating solutions of the same substances,” which was awarded provisional protection. From this description patent 3104 sounds like it might be for making marmite, but a fuller description outlines something like the washing machine described in the earlier patent:
Liquids, circulating and spraying.—Related to apparatus primarily described for circulating water through clothes or for spraying them while being boiled in an open copper or other vessel, but stated to be applicable for evaporating liquids. In one form, the clothes rest on a perforated disc, beneath which are placed fans for circulating the liquid. Some of the perforations may be protectef by pegs or guards so that the clothes do not cover the perforations. Or a pipe or cone may be used, which stands on a serrated rim and carries at the top a sort of cowl with downwardly-projecting nozzles or with a rotary series of nozzles acting on the principle of a Barker’s mill. A perforated or plain bottomg disc may be combined with the tube or cone. Or, finally, the clothes may be “placed between the upper and lower ends of” a serpentine pipe contained in the vessel.
It it a washing machine? is it for evaporating fluids? It can’t seem to make its mind up. Samuel was living at Swinton St., Grey’s Inn Road, Middlesex when he made these patent application. Again his trade is recorded as “interpreter.”
Three years later, in the 1871 census, Catherine, Diane, and Edward are living without Samuel in 37 William Street, edinbugh. She’s now describing herself as a widow. Whether she was merely ashamed at being abandoned, or whehter she thought Samuel was dead, we don’t know. but where is Samuel? He doesn’t appear on the English or Scottish census of that year. The two children, Samuel Jr. and Eleanor Anne Louisa, were baprized at Clerkenwell St James on Nov 2, 1871, but it’s not known if Samuel was in attendance. Samuel’s trade is given as “fat melter,” while sounds like a singularly unpleasant business. It’s possible that Samuel was actually a business owner, rather than someone who stirred vats of melting fat for a living. He may even have been using his own patented washing-machine-cum-evaporator.
His address at the time of his children’s baprisms is given as Sydney House, Abbey Road, West Ham. West Ham at that time seems to have been a booming industrial town:
During 1860–1919 at least 290 permanent manufacturing firms were formed, of which the main groups were chemicals (100 firms), engineering and metals (60), food, drink and tobacco (33), textiles, leather and clothing (23), timber, furniture, etc. (21), and bricks, pottery, cement, glass, etc. (20). [source]
We next hear of Samuel arriving in New York City -- or at least we think we do -- under the name John Benford on 7 Apr 1875, accompanied by Anne Benford (his wife, travelling under her maiden name). Anne’s age is given as 28, which would make her date of birth about 1848, fitting the record for her in the 1851 census. John/Samuel’s trade as a merchant (”rice miller”), his nationailty (”Russian”), and his date of birth (40 years old, hence date of birth of about 1835) all fit. As does the use of the first name John, which he’d used before. Why would he have been traveling under a pseudonym? This was only five years before he was outed as a Russian spy, and if he was already spying at this time it may have been convenient for him to have had an alias. There’s no sign of the children. Were they living with Anne’s family? Samuel Benford Tragheim certainly survived, because he married in 1898 and lived until 1915, when he was 47. I have no record of Eleanor Ann Louisa Benford.
Oddly, there is a marriage recorded between a Samuel Tragheim and an Ann Smith in St. Louis, Missouri, on 2 Nov 1875. The scant detail on this marriage certificate is the kind of thing that drives family historians mad. Certainly Samuel was in the country. He was even with an Ann, or an Anne at least. Could he have ended up going through another wedding cerenomy with his legal wife? Or were they perhaps not legally married in England and they decided to legitimate their union? But why would she marry under an assumed name? A marriage under a false name is scarely more legitimate than no marriage at all.
But certainly Samuel was in the US around this time, since there is a naturalization of a Samuel Tragheim Benford (with the names in that order) on 16 July, 1877. His address is given as 415 Grand St, New York City. He is described as a merchant, and as “Russian.” His witness is a Philip Pasaroff -- another Russian, we might assume.
On June 17, 1877 there is another marriage! This time it’s between Samuel Tragheim and -- well, the name on the certificate is so illegible that it’s been read both as Eva Rossair and as Johanna Lesser. But what happened to Anne Benford, or Ann Smith? Had Ann(e) died? Been dumped? Or were John and Anne Benford a different couple? Was the Missouri marriage a different couple as well?
A patent application is filed September 20.
In that same year, on April 10, there’s a patent granted (189,325) this time for an “ice machine.” The name is given as “Simon Tragheim” and the address as “New York, NY.” Since no other Simon Tragheim has ever appeared in the record, I think we can assume this is Samuel.
The following year, 1878, there’s another “Simon Tragheim” patent awarded. This one’s for a “screw propellor” and Tragheim is the “assignor” for “David S. Ritterband, New York, NY.” ( Official Gazette, Vol 13, page 435). This invention merited a brief mention in Scientific American (April 13, 1878):
Mr. Simon Tragheim, of New York City, has patented a Screw Propeller, which is claimed to admit of almost instant reversing, and at the same time pass through the water with facility. The blades are strengthened by an outer frame extending at both side obliquely from the hub and across the center point of the blade. The front and rear edges of these frames are beveled, so as to cut through the water easily.
Ritterband was a lawyer with an address at 61 Wall St. (By 1909, Ritterband would be the director of a land company -- the South Elberon Land Co. -- with capital of $200,000, which was a huge sum for the time.) In “assigning” the patent to Ritterband, Samuel was effectively selling his ownership rights to this intellectual property.
The year before this, in 1877, there’s a newspaper report regarding this new propellor:
The Daily Freeman, Kingston, NY, Thursday Evening, Nov. 22, 1877
LOCAL INTELLIGENCE
—
CITY NOTES
—
Steam was got on the tug General Sheridan on Cornell & Company's fleet to-day, and her time in making a mile was taken while she has her old screw in. In a few days, or as soon as the new Tragheim wheel can be put in, that invention will be given a thorough trial to see how the thing works.
In 1880, Tragheim is in London, to meet the Nihilist, Leo Hartmann, upon whom he is to spy. hartmann had been directly involved in a plot to assassinate Czar Alexander II.
Hartmann describes him as follows:
In June, 1880, there came to London a stout man of about forty-five, whose hair and beard were partly gray. He gave his name as Mr. Tragheim [Hartmann refers to “Traghaim” throughout his letter, although I’ve rendered it as “Tragheim”], formerly a Russian subject from the German provinces and now a citizen of the United States of America. He knew a few Russian words and spoke German and English perfectly. He was undoubtedly a Jew. It was quite apparent that he had been in America for years and knew New York very well. He said he was a wholesale butcher and that he dealt with England. He assured me that he owned several houses in the city of New York on streets where the elevated railroads are. Before coming to London he had lived for some time at Geneva, Switzerland.
According to Hartmann, Tragheim is “trusted agent” of the Czar, and has been given vast amount of money (£50,000). He made numerous attempts to have Hartmann kindnapped and transported back to Russia about a steamer. He also tried to set Hartmann up by giving him forged notes. (See Tragheim and the Anarchists Part I and Part II for a fuller account of these events).
We only have Hartmann’s side of the story of course, but it’s not flattering. He describes Tragheim as being his “Judas.” The New York Evening Post, basing its opinion on Hartmann’s account of his dealings with Tragheim, describes the latter as “a foolish sort of person for the Czar to select for any serious work.”
Hartmann exposed Tragheim to the British police as a Russian spy, and revealed that he may have been involved in the placing of a dynamite bomb on the Northwestern Railway, in an attempt to blame the Nihilists and to have them driven out of England. The police were already aware of Tragheim’s activities, but he fled London and was not found, despite intensive searches on the continent. Probably the reason he wasn’t found was because he had not in fact fled to the continent, but to the US.
On 27 October, 1880, a “Saml Traghum” arrives in New York City aboard the Scythia, from Liverpool. He’s “Russian” and aged 46. His plan is “unknown.” So are his movements after that date. If he fled with the £50,000 the Czar gave him, he could have afforded to keep a low profile.
On April 10, 1894, in “Ice and refrigeration, Volume 7” the patent for the Ice Machine is recorded as having expired.
Connections with Joseph Tragheim
There are some circumstantial connections with Joseph Tragheim, who would have been Samuel’s younger brother (born about 1860, making him 25 years younger). This is assuming that Sam is the man Hartmann met.
Joseph Tragheim mentions in his Old Bailey appearance (that's 1890, ten years after Hartmann's account) that he does business in Belgium ("I traded at Rotterdam as Benford and Co."). Belgium is mentioned in the Hartmann letter as the place where a friend of Tragheim's was going.
Benford is of course the name of Samuel’s second wife, and a name he appears to have adopted for travelling under, and for his US naturalization (as Samuel Tragheim Benford).
It's interesting that Geneva is mentioned as one of Samuel Tragheim's former hangouts, since Joseph later ended up going to prison in Swizterland for forgery, just a few years after the Old Bailey case.
Also, I found a 1922 record in the Index to the Correspondence of the Foreign Office entitled "Tragheim, J. Alleged sale in Belgium of butter falsely described as Australian." In the Hartmann letter Tragheim mentions the money (£100,000 -- a vast sum) he's made through trading butter.
Based on these overlaps, I think Joseph Tragheim and Samuel Tragheim were in business together, in Belgium and elsewhere, and that the business ran for some time. If Joseph was still actively trading in 1922 he must have picked up again after he'd finished his seven year sentence in Switzerland. So was Samuel running the business?
Presumably there will be documentation in Belgium concerning Benford & Co. The British police archives should also contain a wealth of information on Samuel Tragheim, if Hartmann’s account is to be believed.
- 10 AUG 1838 - Birth - ; Hasenpoth, ,Russia,
- 16 JUL 1877 - Naturalization - ; COMMON PLEAS COURT, NEW YORK COUNTY
- 1861 - Residence - ; 5 Gloucester Street, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Westgate
- 1862 - Residence - ; 83, Kirkgate, Leith
- 15 SEP 1862 - Residence - ; 83 Kirkgate, Leith
- 1868 - Residence - ; Swinton St, Gray’s Inn Road, Middlesex?
- 1868 - Residence - ; Swinton St, Gray’s Inn Road, Middlesex?
- 1871 - Residence - ; Sydney House, Abbey Road, West Ham
- 1871 - Residence - ; Not Living With Wife And Family At Time Of Census.
- Occupation - Shoemaker, Draper, Interpreter, Inventor, Spy
- 1861 - Residence - ; 5 Gloucester Street, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Westgate
- 1862 - Residence - ; 83, Kirkgate, Leith
- 15 SEP 1862 - Residence - ; 83 Kirkgate, Leith
- 1868 - Residence - ; Swinton St, Gray’s Inn Road, Middlesex?
- 1868 - Residence - ; Swinton St, Gray’s Inn Road, Middlesex?
- 1871 - Residence - ; Sydney House, Abbey Road, West Ham
- 1871 - Residence - ; Not Living With Wife And Family At Time Of Census.
? | ||||||
? | ||||||
? | ||||||
? | ||||||
PARENT (M) Mendel TRAGHEIM | |||
Birth | ABT 1811 | ||
Death | 1893 | Manchester, Lancashire | |
Marriage | to Toube PERAU | ||
Father | ? | ||
Mother | ? | ||
PARENT (F) Toube PERAU | |||
Birth | ABT 1821 | ||
Death | 1894 | Prestwich, Lancashire, England | |
Marriage | to Mendel TRAGHEIM | ||
Father | ? | ||
Mother | ? | ||
CHILDREN | |||
M | Samuel TRAGHEIM | ||
Birth | 10 AUG 1838 | Hasenpoth, ,Russia, | |
Death | |||
Marriage | 1866 | to Anne BENFORD at Clerkenwell St James, Islington, London | |
Marriage | 9 APR 1857 | to Catherine WINTON at 15 Regent Terrace, Edinburgh | |
Marriage | 2 NOV 1875 | to Ann SMITH at St Louis, Missouri, USA | |
M | Henry (Harry) TRAGHEIM | ||
Birth | NOV 1850 | Corland, Russia | |
Death | |||
Marriage | 23 FEB 1879 | to Mina (Mary, Minnie) STRAUSS at Manhattan, New York, New York, USA | |
M | Nicolai TRAGHEIM | ||
Birth | ABT 1842 | Hasenpott, Courland, Latvia, (Russia) | |
Death | 1912 | Salford | |
Marriage | 1869 | to Eve HARRIS at Hartlepool, Durham | |
M | Bernard TRAGHEIM | ||
Birth | ABT 1853 | Germany? | |
Death | 1905 | Elswick Cemetery (Newcastle?) Row A7 | |
Marriage | 12 OCT 1879 | to Sarah FEITELBERG at Robinson Row Synagogue, Hull, West Riding, Yorkshire, England | |
M | Uri TRAGHEIM | ||
Birth | 1843 | Hasenpoth, Courland, Latvia, (Russia) | |
Death | FEB 1930 | Newcastle Upon Tyne, Northumberland | |
Marriage | to ? | ||
M | Theodore M. TRAGHEIM | ||
Birth | ABT 1859 | Russia | |
Death | 5 NOV 1917 | Queens, New York | |
Marriage | to Lena | ||
M | Joseph TRAGHEIM | ||
Birth | ABT 1860 | ||
Death | |||
Marriage | 7 AUG 1900 | to Eugenie Appoline HECQ at Middlesbrough | |
F | Dora TRAGHEIM | ||
Birth | 1853 | Russia | |
Death | |||
Marriage | 1883 | to Jacob FEINBERG at Prestwich, Lancashire | |
F | Janice WILLIAMS | ||
Birth | |||
Death | |||
Marriage | 17 JUN 1877 | to Johanna LESSER at Manhattan, New York, New York, USA | |
M | George TRAGHEIM | ||
Birth | 15 OCT 1860 | “Germany” | |
Death | 4 JUL 1918 | Quebec | |
Marriage | to Mary Jane SHERIDAN | ||
M | Eliokum- Hetzel TRAGHEIM | ||
Birth | 22 OCT 1855 | Hasenpoth, Courland, Latvia, (Russia) | |
Death | |||
M | Rafael TRAGHEIM | ||
Birth | 22 OCT 1855 | Hasenpoth, Courland, Latvia, (Russia) | |
Death | |||
F | Ester TRAGHEIM | ||
Birth | 22 OCT 1855 | Hasenpoth, Courland, Latvia, (Russia) | |
Death | 11 SEP 1856 | Hasenpoth, Courland, Latvia, (Russia) | |
F | Gita TRAGHEIM | ||
Birth | 17 AUG 1858 | Hasenpoth, Courland, Latvia, (Russia) | |
Death | 30 AUG 1858 | Hasenpoth, Courland, Latvia, (Russia) | |
M | Naftali TRAGHEIM | ||
Birth | 17 AUG 1858 | Hasenpoth, Courland, Latvia, (Russia) | |
Death | |||
F | Hena-Hinda TRAGHEIM | ||
Birth | 14 APR 1862 | Hasenpoth, Courland, Latvia, (Russia) | |
Death | |||
F | Johanna TRAGHEIM | ||
Birth | ABT 1866 | “Russia” | |
Death | |||
Marriage | 13 JUL 1890 | to Jacob COOPER at Chelsea |
PARENT (M) Samuel TRAGHEIM | |||
Birth | 10 AUG 1838 | Hasenpoth, ,Russia, | |
Death | |||
Marriage | 1866 | to Anne BENFORD at Clerkenwell St James, Islington, London | |
Marriage | 9 APR 1857 | to Catherine WINTON at 15 Regent Terrace, Edinburgh | |
Marriage | 2 NOV 1875 | to Ann SMITH at St Louis, Missouri, USA | |
Father | Mendel TRAGHEIM | ||
Mother | Toube PERAU | ||
PARENT (F) Anne BENFORD | |||
Birth | ABT 1847 | Clerkenwell, London | |
Death | |||
Marriage | 1866 | to Samuel TRAGHEIM at Clerkenwell St James, Islington, London | |
Father | ? | ||
Mother | ? | ||
CHILDREN | |||
M | Samuel Benford TRAGHEIM | ||
Birth | 1867 | Clerkenwell, London | |
Death | 1915 | Lambeth, London | |
Marriage | 5 JUN 1897 | to Frances Louisa CROSHER at Holy Trinity, Islington, London, England | |
F | Eleanor Anne Louisa Benford TRAGHEIM | ||
Birth | 16 JUN 1866 | ||
Death |
PARENT (M) Samuel TRAGHEIM | |||
Birth | 10 AUG 1838 | Hasenpoth, ,Russia, | |
Death | |||
Marriage | 1866 | to Anne BENFORD at Clerkenwell St James, Islington, London | |
Marriage | 9 APR 1857 | to Catherine WINTON at 15 Regent Terrace, Edinburgh | |
Marriage | 2 NOV 1875 | to Ann SMITH at St Louis, Missouri, USA | |
Father | Mendel TRAGHEIM | ||
Mother | Toube PERAU | ||
PARENT (F) Catherine WINTON | |||
Birth | 1 AUG 1837 | Dundee, Forfarshire | |
Death | 1914 | Lasswade, Midlothian | |
Marriage | 9 APR 1857 | to Samuel TRAGHEIM at 15 Regent Terrace, Edinburgh | |
Marriage | 31 DEC 1873 | to George WRIGHT at Viewforth House, Newington, Edinburgh | |
Father | ? | ||
Mother | ? | ||
CHILDREN | |||
M | Edward TRAGHEIM | ||
Birth | 1861 | Newcastle upon Tyne, Westgate | |
Death | 1939 | Springburn, Glasgow | |
Marriage | 25 JUL 1884 | to Elizabeth Jane Ayton MCCOLL at Dalkeith | |
F | Diana Lyle TRAGHEIM | ||
Birth | c. 1859 | Leith, Edinburgh | |
Death | 1941 | Newington, Edinburgh | |
Marriage | 25 JAN 1881 | to George Lindsay INGRAM at 2 Elgin Place, Edinburgh | |
F | Mary Jane TRAGHEIM | ||
Birth | 15 SEP 1862 | Leith, Edinburgh | |
Death | 1869 | St. Giles, Edinburgh | |
M | Daniel TRAGHEIM | ||
Birth | 12 AUG 1858 | Leith, Edinburgh | |
Death | 12 AUG 1858 | Leith, Edinburgh | |
M | Alfred TRAGHEIM | ||
Birth | ABT 1868 | Norwich, Norfolk, England | |
Death | DEC 1906 | ||
Marriage | 4 JUL 1886 | to Jessie WRIGHT at St. Marks Church, Nottinghill, London |
PARENT (M) Samuel TRAGHEIM | |||
Birth | 10 AUG 1838 | Hasenpoth, ,Russia, | |
Death | |||
Marriage | 1866 | to Anne BENFORD at Clerkenwell St James, Islington, London | |
Marriage | 9 APR 1857 | to Catherine WINTON at 15 Regent Terrace, Edinburgh | |
Marriage | 2 NOV 1875 | to Ann SMITH at St Louis, Missouri, USA | |
Father | Mendel TRAGHEIM | ||
Mother | Toube PERAU | ||
PARENT (F) Ann SMITH | |||
Birth | |||
Death | |||
Marriage | 2 NOV 1875 | to Samuel TRAGHEIM at St Louis, Missouri, USA | |
Father | ? | ||
Mother | ? | ||
CHILDREN |
1 Samuel TRAGHEIM b: 10 AUG 1838
+ Anne BENFORD b: ABT 1847
2 Samuel Benford TRAGHEIM b: 1867 d: 1915
+ Frances Louisa CROSHER b: ABT 1861 d: 1949
2 Eleanor Anne Louisa Benford TRAGHEIM b: 16 JUN 1866
+ Catherine WINTON b: 1 AUG 1837 d: 1914
2 Edward TRAGHEIM b: 1861 d: 1939
+ Elizabeth Jane Ayton MCCOLL b: 22 NOV 1862 d: 1951 or 1952
3 Edward TRAGHEIM b: 17 NOV 1881 d: 1971
+ Jane Ann WADDELL b: 1879 d: 1973
4 Thomas Waddell TRAGHAM b: 9 MAR 1910 d: 1 DEC 2005
+ Marjory Robertson DUNCAN b: 23 NOV 1911 d: 26 SEP 1998
5 Moira Anne TRAGHAM b: 1943
6 Eileen MUELLER b: 19 MAR 1973
+ Eileen MUELLER b: 19 MAR 1973
7 Kaylee Dillon MUELLER b: 25 OCT 2015
5 Jean Marjory TRAGHAM b: 1935
7 Megan b: ABT 2001
7 Jaimie b: ABT 2002
5 Eleanor Dorothy TRAGHAM b: 16 MAR 1938
+ Ian STEPHEN b: 2 MAY 1933
6 Graeme Robertson (Bodhipaksa) SERING b: 4 JAN 1961
+ Shrijnana LEMONE b: 8 SEP 1968
7 Maia Bereket SERING b: 8 NOV 2006
7 Malkias Milko Kiran SERING b: 19 APR 2008
6 Fiona Grace STEPHEN b: 18 DEC 1963
7 Jessie BARRIE b: 9 SEP 1994
7 Daniel BARRIE b: 21 APR 1997
7 Matthew BARRIE b: 8 MAR 2001 d: 9 OCT 2016
5 Ronald TRAGHAM b: 1933 d: 2017
6 Kenneth David TRAGHAM b: 1 MAR 1961
+ Margaret Theresa JONES b: 18 JUL 1960
7 Jennifer Helen TRAGHAM b: 2 JUL 1986
7 Richard William TRAGHAM b: 17 NOV 1985
7 Rebecca Alexandra TRAGHAM b: 1991
6 Ronald Thomas TRAGHAM b: 1974
+ Novella MOONEY b: ABT 1981
6 Linda Anne T TRAGHAM b: 14 MAY 1967
7 Craig DOUGLAS b: 23 JUN 1990
8 Tyler DOUGLAS b: 10 OCT 2011
7 Katie Ann TRAGHAM b: 1998
6 Anne TRAGHAM b: 14 FEB 1970
7 Cordelia Ashley b: 30 JAN 1996
5 Alan TRAGHAM b: 3 JAN 1953
6 Andrew Richard TRAGHAM b: 1981
7 Oliver Lewis TRAGHAM b: 3 OCT 2008
6 Claire Elaine TRAGHAM b: 8 JAN 1985
6 Mark Stephen TRAGHAM b: 1982
+ Nicola
7 Jack James TRAGHAM b: 22 DEC 2015
4 Lilian TRAGHEIM b: 1921
+ Donald Robert JAUNAY b: 19 OCT 1918 d: 25 AUG 2012
5 Robert Edward JAUNAY b: 30th May 1950
4 Edward TRAGHEIM b: 9 JUN 1907 d: 1987
+ Barbara (Babbs) Chalmer BROWN b: ABT 1912 d: 1987
5 Norma Jean TRAGHAM b: 1946
4 Helen “Nell” Clunie TRAGHEIM b: 1908 d: 2000
4 John Smith TRAGHEIM b: 1912 d: 1964
+ Margaret
4 Douglas C Waddell TRAGHEIM b: 1913 d: 1914
3 Alfred TRAGHEIM b: 16 MAY 1885 d: 1959
+ Elsie May GILES b: 1890 d: 1986
4 Edward Alfred TRAGHEIM b: 1914 d: 26 NOV 1944
+ Christina Tulloch MACKENZIE b: JUL 1917 d: 1996
4 Alfred Edwin TRAGHEIM b: 1923
+ Tanya Breda b: ABT 1922 d: 2005
5 Douglas Giles TRAGHEIM b: ABT 1945
+ Julia M. WHITING b: ABT 1948
6 Sophie Louise TRAGHEIM b: OCT 1988
6 Ben ???? TRAGHEIM b: 26 OCT 1997
4 Marguerita Elsie “Rita” TRAGHEIM b: 1912
+ Alex CROLL b: 1916
4 Moyra E Roberta TRAGHEIM b: 1920
4 Lawrence TRAGHEIM b: 19 JUL 1925 d: JUL 1999
+ Dorothy ROSCOW b: 1918
5 Nicholas Andrew TRAGHEIM b: 1 NOV 1956
6 Joanne Lisa TRAGHEIM b: 1 JUN 1981
7 Shannon Nicole TRAGHEIM b: 20 JAN 2000
7 Amy TRAGHEIM b: 31 OCT 2001
7 Jay TRAGHEIM b: 8 JAN 1998
5 Ian Bruce “Bruce” TRAGHEIM b: 30 OCT 1964
6 Adam Lawrence TRAGHEIM b: FEB 1999
6 Callum Bruce TRAGHEIM b: JAN 1995
6 Olivia Bethan TRAGHEIM b: AUG 1995
4 Eric Giles TRAGHEIM b: 1917 d: 1999
3 Elizabeth Kay TRAGHEIM b: 20 FEB 1887 d: 1897
3 Edwin TRAGHEIM b: 1882
3 Catherine Winton TRAGHEIM b: 16 FEB 1889 d: 1975
+ James Kirk GIVEN b: ABT 1890
3 Emily Jane Ayton TRAGHEIM b: 1891 d: 23 JUL 1989
3 Alexander TRAGHEIM b: 12 APR 1900 d: 24 NOV 1941
+ Helen Spencer ANDERSON b: ABT 1901 d: AUG 1987
4 Brenda TRAGHEIM b: ABT 1932
5 Louise b: ABT 1964
+ Ian WATSON b: ABT 1964
6 Samuel WATSON b: 1988
6 Isabelle WATSON b: ABT 1991
4 John Alexander TRAGHEIM b: 1930
+ Jennifer Ruth MOASE b: 1937
5 Stuart Jackson TRAGHEIM b: 8 MAY 1964
6 Alexander Benjamin TRAGHEIM b: JUN 1996
6 Christopher Jackson TRAGHEIM b: JUN 1994
5 Duncan Alexander TRAGHEIM b: 1961
3 Florence TRAGHEIM b: 18 APR 1898
+ Thomas Alfred MUIR b: 24 JAN 1892
3 Robina TRAGHEIM b: 12 JAN 1893
3 George Wright TRAGHEIM b: 24 AUG 1896 d: 1985
+ Helen McDONALD b: ABT 1897
3 Robert Edward TRAGHEIM b: 24 JUL 1907 d: 1986
3 Lilian TRAGHEIM b: ABT 1903
2 Diana Lyle TRAGHEIM b: c. 1859 d: 1941
+ George Lindsay INGRAM b: ABT 1856 d: 1934
3 Joan INGRAM b: 23 OCT 1894 d: 1971
+ James Notman BANNA b: 1893 d: 1927
3 Annette Margaret INGRAM b: 1886 d: 1979
3 Alice “Paddy” INGRAM b: 24 NOV 1892 d: 1979
3 Ronald INGRAM b: 30 MAY 1897 d: 1949
3 Ellen (Hellena?) INGRAM b: 26 AUG 1899 d: 1970
+ GREIG
3 George Alfred Wright(?) INGRAM b: 28 OCT 1881 d: 1957
3 Diana INGRAM b: 18 MAY 1888
3 Catherine INGRAM b: 28 JUL 1890
2 Mary Jane TRAGHEIM b: 15 SEP 1862 d: 1869
2 Daniel TRAGHEIM b: 12 AUG 1858 d: 12 AUG 1858
2 Alfred TRAGHEIM b: ABT 1868 d: DEC 1906
+ Jessie WRIGHT b: ABT 1867 d: 27 JAN 1956
3 Edward James TRAGHEIM b: 8 SEP 1889 d: 13 MAR 1918
+ Alice MAYHEW b: ABT 1891
4 Alice F S “Lally” TRAGHEIM b: 1916 d: 1995
+ Frederick WILKINS b: 1915 d: 1980
3 George TRAGHEIM b: ABT 1887 d: 1945
+ Mary Jane RICHARDS b: ABT 1889
3 Violet Louise TRAGHEIM b: 26 FEB 1888 d: 7 DEC 1970
+ Robert William WILES b: ABT 1890 d: ABT 1965
4 Robert Edward George WILES b: 9 NOV 1913 d: MAY 1989
+ Barbara Florence PLAIN b: 9 AUG 1927 d: 2 APR 2013
5 Anthony Michael WILES b: 22 SEP 1951 d: 15 AUG 1955
5 David Alan WILES b: 23 JUL 1956
3 Jessie Diana TRAGHEIM b: 30 DEC 1906 d: 12 DEC 1971
4 Janet Avril COCKLIN b: 21 APR 1936
5 Graham Darrell BILLINGS b: 25 FEB 1965
5 Amanda Susan BILLINGS b: 1 SEP 1962
6 Charlotte GODFREY b: 23 FEB 1996
6 William GODFREY b: 14 JUL 1998
4 Sandra Catherine COCKLIN b: 22 FEB 1940
5 Audra BROWN b: 4 JUN 1967
3 Alexander Winton TRAGHEIM b: 1898 d: 1930
3 Alfred Ernest TRAGHEIM b: 25 JAN 1892 d: JAN 1976
3 Catherine Winton TRAGHEIM b: 1 FEB 1896 d: OCT 1986
3 Frederick Thomas TRAGHEIM b: 1903 d: 1903
3 May Ellen TRAGHEIM b: 1907
3 Robert Sidney TRAGHEIM b: 1901 d: ABT 1950
+ Mary STOCKWELL d: ABT 1985
4 Alfred Robert DeWitt TRAGHEIM b: 1 JUL 1930 d: FEB 1995
+ Mary HAYES b: 20 SEP 1934
5 Christopher TRAGHEIM b: 1961
6 Matthew Alfred E TRAGHEIM b: 1986
6 Hannah Christina M TRAGHEIM b: 1990
6 Victoria Georgina M TRAGHEIM b: 1988
5 Robert TRAGHEIM b: 15 MAR 1960
6 Ciaran Robert TRAGHEIM b: 1 MAY 1994
6 Sian Marie TRAGHEIM b: 14 APR 1991
6 Darrell John TRAGHEIM b: MAR 1988
5 Susan TRAGHEIM b: 1958
6 Nikita Mary F TRAGHEIM b: DEC 1988
3 Florence Margaret TRAGHEIM b: 1894 d: 1950
+ Thomas James WILLIAMS b: 1885
4 Elsie WILLIAMS b: ABT 1920 d: ABT 2005
4 Irene WILLIAMS b: ABT 1922 d: ABT 2006
4 Edward WILLIAMS b: ABT 1925 d: ABT 2000
+ ?
4 Ronald Alexander WILLIAMS b: 1930
+ Hetty HULLIS b: 1933
5 Paul WILLIAMS b: 14 APR 1957
+ Olga BERMUDEZ b: 1952
6 Nichola Alexandra WILLIAMS b: 1979
6 Paul WILLIAMS b: 1985
4 Gordon WILLIAMS b: ABT 1932 d: ABT 1936
3 Ellen May TRAGHEIM b: 30 DEC 1906 d: ABT 1990
3 (Baby) TRAGHEIM b: 30 DEC 1906 d: 30 DEC 1906